凝结芽孢杆菌对感染产气荚膜梭菌肉鸡生长性能、肠道病变及免疫器官指数的影响

本试验旨在研究日粮中添加凝结芽孢杆菌对感染产气荚膜梭菌肉鸡生长性能、肠道病变及免疫器官指数的影响。选用312只1日龄科宝500肉鸡公雏,随机分成4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复13只鸡。采用2×2双因子完全随机设计,产气荚膜梭菌分为无感染产气荚膜梭菌组和感染产气荚膜梭菌组,日粮中凝结芽孢杆菌水平分别为0和400mg/kg。试验期35d。结果表明,感染产气荚膜梭菌后15~35日龄肉鸡平均日增重显著降低(P0.05),28日龄肠道病变严重(P0.01),35日龄法氏囊指数极显著降低(P0.01);日粮中添加凝结芽孢杆菌可显著提高15~35日龄肉鸡平均日增重(P0.05),显著降低料重比(P0.05),能缓解感染导致的肠道损伤(P0.05),28日龄肉鸡胸腺指数极显著提高(P0.01),35日龄法氏囊指数极显著提高(P0.01)。肠道病变结果分析表明,日粮中添加凝结芽孢杆菌与感染产气荚膜梭菌有显著交互作用(P0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加凝结芽孢杆菌能够提高感染产气荚膜梭菌肉鸡生长性能及免疫器官指数,增强动物免疫能力,并能缓解由于产气荚膜梭菌感染而导致的不利影响。     

Cloning,Expression of Clostridium perfringens α-toxin Gene and Preparation of its Antisera

One pair of primers had been designed and synthesized based on the α-toxin gene of Clostridium perfringens.The complete α-toxin gene fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then was cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector to construct pGEM-T-α.Digested with EcoRⅠ and Hind Ⅲ, a fragment of 1125 bp was cloned into the expression plasmid vector pET-28a(+).The recombinant plasmid was transformed into the BL21(DE3)plys and induced by 1.0 mmol/L IPTG at 37 ℃.The expression product was found to be 46.1 ku as expected one identified by SDS-PAGE, and confirmed by Western blotting with Clostridium perfringens type A antisera, indicating similar reactivity with native α-toxin.Recombinant α-toxin protein was simultaneously found in culture supernatant, postsonic supertanant and inclusion bodies, most protein was expressed in inclusion bodies, which indicated recombinant α-toxin protein was expressed in the extracellular, periplasm and cytoplasm.Recombinant α-toxin protein in postsonic supertanant could not make mice die, indicating its non-toxicity.Toxin-antitoxin neutralization test showed that antisera of recombinant α-toxin protein were specific to α-toxin.Upon immunization of rabbit with the recombinant α-toxin protein, antisera with high antibody titer neutralizing 100 MLD toxin per 1 mL were prepared.     

Analysis of Regular Nutritional Components and Amino Acid Contents of Mongolia Bullock Muscle Grazed in Kubuqi Desert

In order to evaluate the Mongolia muscle characteristics and nutritional value, six Mongolia bullocks aged 4 years grazed in Kubuqi desert were chosen to analyze the regular nutritional components and amino acid contents of Mongolia muscle.The results showed that the contents of water, crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), crude ash (ash), calcium and phosphorus of Mongolia muscle (fresh) were 68.21%, 22.60%, 6.49%, 2.69%, 0.58% and 0.55%, respectively.A total amino acid (TAA) content of beef was 24.297 g/100 g, essential amino acid content was 10.265 g/100 g, the proportion of essential amino acid justified and exceeded the FAO/WHO standard.The ratio of essential amino acid and total amino acid contents (EAA/TAA) was 42.25%, the ratio of essential amino acid and the non-essential amino acid (EAA/NEAA) was 73.15%.In functional amino acid, the content of palatable taste amino acid and sweet flavor amino acid in total amino acid was 46.891%.In addition to valine, essential amino acid contents of Mongolia muscle were superior to ideal protein of FAO/WHO standard, the percentage of valine reached 83.972% in ideal protein.These results indicated that Mongolia muscle belonged to the comprehensive nutrition and high quality protein food on the evaluation of the regular nutrient content and the amino acid content of beef.     

铁皮石斛组织培养技术研究进展

简述铁皮石斛组织培养技术研究进展,针对当前石斛产业发展的需求,提出组培技术需要深入解决的问题,为石斛产业的有序发展提供借鉴和依据。     

海南6种切叶花卉植物橡胶林下套种的适应性研究

通过对散尾葵、金心巴西铁、金边富贵竹、莲花竹、龟背竹、朱蕉等6种耐荫型切叶花卉植物在橡胶林下进行套种(扦插)试验,观测这些植物的叶片生长物候期、植株整体感、株高、叶片色泽和病虫害危害程度,分析这6种切叶花卉植物在橡胶林下的生长适应性。结果表明,适应性强弱排序为金心巴西铁朱蕉散尾葵龟背竹莲花竹金边富贵竹,其中金心巴西铁在橡胶林下生长综合表现最好,评价得分最高,为17.22,适合在海南橡胶林下推广种植。     

基于QBP-PID的履带式作业机全向调平控制研究

针对丘陵山区农业机械作业时的机身倾角变化大、工作品质和作业安全性差等问题,以履带式作业机为研究对象,设计了一种基于“3层车架”的液压全向调平系统,并提出了复合Q学习-BP神经网络-PID(QBP-PID)的全向调平控制策略。首先,给出了全向调平整机结构方案和工作原理,在此基础上,建立了包含全向调平系统的履带式作业机整机动力学模型。然后,针对PID控制参数难以整定的问题,通过BP神经网络对PID控制参数进行实时更新,并引入Q学习算法对神经网络连接权值进行在线更新,建立了全向调平复合QBP-PID控制器。仿真结果表明,QBP-PID控制下,20°横向调平时间为2.8 s, 25°纵向调平时间为3.2 s,相较于PID与BP-PID控制,减小了调平时间,并且未出现超调量。最后,进行横坡路面和纵坡路面的整机试验,与仿真结果相比,横向和纵向调平时间误差为0.6 s和0.4 s,且平地路面机身倾角小于1.5°,满足丘陵山区农业机械调平性能需求。     

基于黑箱法的成品卷烟外观检测设备设计与试验

针对成品卷烟外表面缺陷种类多、分类细、人工质检无法对卷烟外观的细粒度缺陷进行系统性检测的问题,设计一种成品卷烟外观检测设备,自动完成成品卷烟的外观全矢量成像和缺陷检测。利用黑箱法对检测设备的技术系统进行分析,并设计了成品卷烟检测设备,该设备主要包括储供装置、单元离散装置、外观成像装置、分拣装置和缺陷检测模型;对影响卷烟运行稳定性、卷烟无损率、成像质量的关键因素进行试验,在单元离散装置上对卷烟运行稳定性因素进行正交试验,结果表明,当滑板提升速度为0.3m/s、过渡板倾斜角为40°、辊子速度为0.045m/s时,烟支输送无斜率可达100%,无偏移率可达99.5%,在分拣装置上对造成卷烟损伤的关键因素进行正交试验,结果表明,当气缸伸缩速度为20mm/s、弹簧刚度为3N/mm时,烟支损伤率为0,对影响成像质量的关键光照因素进行试验,结果表明,光源照射角为10°、光源与烟支高差为30mm时,图像直方图的像素点与其亮度分布包络线平缓,图像清晰;最后,在设备上完成54mm×100规格烟支的检测试验,利用改进HourglassNet-YOLO v4网络模型对成像进行缺陷检测,结果表明,烟支缺陷检出准确率达到98%,缺陷分类准确率达到95.4%。试验结果表明,该设备运行稳定,能够满足成品卷烟外观检测需求。     

百色杧果栽培种质果实品质多样性分析

广西的杧果(Mangifea indica L.)以百色右江干热河谷为重要栽培地区,百色地区的杧果栽培品种仍然以传统品种为主,伴随着新兴杧果产区的崛起,急需选育适宜百色的杧果新品种,以提升百色杧果的竞争力.目前,在广西以外的其他地区已经开展了不同杧果品种性状评价的研究,而针对广西百色地区杧果栽培种质的多样性分析评价鲜有...     

脲酶/硝化抑制剂配施氮肥对春玉米农田氨排放的影响

通过两年田间定位试验,探讨脲酶/硝化抑制剂配施氮肥在黑土区玉米体系中的氨减排及氮素增效效果.设置两种耕作模式(条耕和旋耕)和3种氮肥类型(常规尿素、添加脲酶抑制剂尿素、添加硝化抑制剂尿素).结果 表明,条耕产量和氮素利用率分别为8631 kg/hm2和33.4％,明显低于旋耕;氨挥发总量为20.6 kg/hm2,明显高...     

渐开线齿面串联弹性器件传动机理研究

串联弹性器件广泛应用于外骨骼机器人驱动关节,有利于重载荷情况下的电机软启动。针对旋转类串联弹性器件转动刚度变化引起的传动力矩波动,弹性传动和刚性传动两种状态转换时的传动冲击等问题,提出了一种渐开线齿面弹性器件,建立了传动力学模型,并对器件的弹性-刚性传动过程进行了动力学分析与仿真,研究轴心装配偏差对渐开线齿面啮合滑动率与接触面接合冲击的影响,通过对弹性器件安装倾角参数优化保证了传动件转动刚度变化率最小,有效控制了弹性传动过程中的转矩波动。最后对器件进行了下肢外骨骼驱动关节工程验证和传动静特性实验,结果表明,轴心装配偏差会导致接触面接合时转矩激增,当偏差在0.05 mm内时(渐开线齿面啮合滑动率最大为0.006 5),与平面矩形弹性器件相比,转矩激增值平均降低43.55%。